Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1): 73-84.DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.2026.01.007
• Original Articles • Previous Articles Next Articles
Soufeng Yuchuan formula (搜风愈喘方) alleviates asthma airway inflammation and suppresses the progression of asthma by inhibiting ferroptosis in airway epithelial cells
WEI Mumu, YAN Xiaoyu, ZHANG Yujing, ZHANG Xinxin, YAN Yongbin(
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- Department of Paediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine; School of Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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Received:2024-09-23Accepted:2025-05-29Online:2026-02-15Published:2026-01-28 -
Contact:YAN Yongbin, Department of Paediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine; School of Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China.yanyongbin827@sina.com ;Telephone: +86-15515730918 -
About author:WEI Mumu andYAN Xiaoyu are co-first authors and contributed equally to this work -
Supported by:Natural Science Foundation-funded Project: the Study on the Mechanism of Soufeng Yuchuan Formula in Regulating Airway Remodeling in Asthmatic Rats Based on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition(82174438)
Cite this article
WEI Mumu, YAN Xiaoyu, ZHANG Yujing, ZHANG Xinxin, YAN Yongbin. Soufeng Yuchuan formula (搜风愈喘方) alleviates asthma airway inflammation and suppresses the progression of asthma by inhibiting ferroptosis in airway epithelial cells[J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2026, 46(1): 73-84.
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Figure 1 Soufeng Yuchuan formula alleviates airway inflammation in asthmatic rats A: HE staining was used to evaluate cellular infiltration and airway inflammation in asthmatic rats treated with SFYC formula or dexamethasone; B: TEM analysis was performed to examine edema, intracellular matrix dissolution, and mitochondrial swelling in asthmatic rats and treated with SFYC formula or dexamethasone; A1, B1: Control group; A2, B2: OVA group; A3, B3: DXM group; A4, B4: OVA + SFYC-L; A5, B5: OVA + SFYC-M; A6, B6: OVA + SFYC-H. Control group: inject 1 mL of normal saline; OVA group: inject 1 mL of a mixture of OVA (1 mg/mL) and aluminum hydroxide gel (100 mg/mL); DXM group: Asthma + 0.75 mg·kg?1·d?1 dexamethasone; OVA + SFYC-L: Asthma + low-dose SFYC, 0.315 g/mL; OVA+ SFYC-M: Asthma + medium-dose SFYC, 0.63 g/mL; OVA+ SFYC-H: Asthma + high-dose SFYC, 1.26 g/mL. HE: hematoxylin and eosin; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; OVA: ovalbumin; DXM: dexamethasone; SFYC: Soufeng Yuchuan formula. All data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 10).
Figure 1 Soufeng Yuchuan formula alleviates airway inflammation in asthmatic rats A: HE staining was used to evaluate cellular infiltration and airway inflammation in asthmatic rats treated with SFYC formula or dexamethasone; B: TEM analysis was performed to examine edema, intracellular matrix dissolution, and mitochondrial swelling in asthmatic rats and treated with SFYC formula or dexamethasone; A1, B1: Control group; A2, B2: OVA group; A3, B3: DXM group; A4, B4: OVA + SFYC-L; A5, B5: OVA + SFYC-M; A6, B6: OVA + SFYC-H. Control group: inject 1 mL of normal saline; OVA group: inject 1 mL of a mixture of OVA (1 mg/mL) and aluminum hydroxide gel (100 mg/mL); DXM group: Asthma + 0.75 mg·kg?1·d?1 dexamethasone; OVA + SFYC-L: Asthma + low-dose SFYC, 0.315 g/mL; OVA+ SFYC-M: Asthma + medium-dose SFYC, 0.63 g/mL; OVA+ SFYC-H: Asthma + high-dose SFYC, 1.26 g/mL. HE: hematoxylin and eosin; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; OVA: ovalbumin; DXM: dexamethasone; SFYC: Soufeng Yuchuan formula. All data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 10).
Figure 2 Soufeng Yuchuan formula alleviates ferroptosis in lung tissue of asthmatic rats A: biochemical analysis was used to detect the levels of MDA, Fe2+ and GSH. A1: MDA; A2: Fe2+; A3: GSH; B: Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of TFR1, TFR2, SLC7A11, ACSL4 and GPX4 in rat lung tissue. Control group: inject 1 mL of normal saline; OVA group: inject 1 mL of a mixture of OVA (1 mg/mL) and aluminum hydroxide gel (100 mg/mL); DXM group: Asthma + 0.75 mg·kg?1·d?1 dexamethasone; OVA + SFYC-L: Asthma + low-dose SFYC, 0.315 g/mL; OVA + SFYC-M: Asthma + medium-dose SFYC, 0.63 g/mL; OVA + SFYC-H: Asthma + high-dose SFYC, 1.26 g/mL. MDA: malondialdehyde; GSH: Glutathione; TFR1: transferrin receptor 1; TFR2: transferrin receptor 2; SLC7A11: solute carrier family 7 member 11; ACSL4: acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4; GPX4: glutathione peroxidase 4; OVA: ovalbumin; DXM: dexamethasone; SFYC: Soufeng Yuchuan formula. Statistical analyses were conducted using Student's t-test for comparisons between two groups. All data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). Compared with the OVA group, aP < 0.05.
Figure 2 Soufeng Yuchuan formula alleviates ferroptosis in lung tissue of asthmatic rats A: biochemical analysis was used to detect the levels of MDA, Fe2+ and GSH. A1: MDA; A2: Fe2+; A3: GSH; B: Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of TFR1, TFR2, SLC7A11, ACSL4 and GPX4 in rat lung tissue. Control group: inject 1 mL of normal saline; OVA group: inject 1 mL of a mixture of OVA (1 mg/mL) and aluminum hydroxide gel (100 mg/mL); DXM group: Asthma + 0.75 mg·kg?1·d?1 dexamethasone; OVA + SFYC-L: Asthma + low-dose SFYC, 0.315 g/mL; OVA + SFYC-M: Asthma + medium-dose SFYC, 0.63 g/mL; OVA + SFYC-H: Asthma + high-dose SFYC, 1.26 g/mL. MDA: malondialdehyde; GSH: Glutathione; TFR1: transferrin receptor 1; TFR2: transferrin receptor 2; SLC7A11: solute carrier family 7 member 11; ACSL4: acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4; GPX4: glutathione peroxidase 4; OVA: ovalbumin; DXM: dexamethasone; SFYC: Soufeng Yuchuan formula. Statistical analyses were conducted using Student's t-test for comparisons between two groups. All data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). Compared with the OVA group, aP < 0.05.
Figure 3 Soufeng Yuchuan formula promotes proliferation of rat airway epithelial cells and inhibits cell apoptosis A: cell viability was detected by CCK-8; A1: blank serum; A2: drug serum-High; A3: drug serum-Middle; A4: drug serum-Low; B: the CCK-8 assay was employed to evaluate the activity of rat airway epithelial cells treated with LPS and SFYC formula; B1: 24 h later; B2: 48 h later; C: flow cytometry analysis was conducted to assess apoptosis in LPS-treated cells and those treated with SFYC formula. C1: Control group; C2: LPS group; C3: LPS + Blank; C4: LPS + SFYC-H; C5: LPS + SFYC-M; C6: LPS + SFYC-L; D: TEM was utilized to examine mitochondrial morphology following treatment with SFYC formula; D1: Control group; D2: LPS group; D3: LPS + Blank; D4: LPS + SFYC-H; D5: LPS + SFYC-M; D6: LPS + SFYC-L. Control group: Normal culture; LPS group: LPS, 1 μg/mL; LPS + Blank: LPS, 1 μg/mL; LPS + SFYC-H: LPS group + SFYC, 8% medicated serum; LPS+SFYC-M: LPS group+SFYC, 4% medicated serum; LPS+SFYC-L: LPS group + SFYC, 1% medicated serum. CCK-8: cell counting kit-8; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; SFYC: Soufeng Yuchuan formula. Statistical analyses were conducted using Student's t-test for comparisons between two groups or one-way analysis of variance for comparisons among multiple groups. All data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). Compared with the Control group, aP < 0.001; compared with the LPS + Blank group, bP < 0.05.
Figure 3 Soufeng Yuchuan formula promotes proliferation of rat airway epithelial cells and inhibits cell apoptosis A: cell viability was detected by CCK-8; A1: blank serum; A2: drug serum-High; A3: drug serum-Middle; A4: drug serum-Low; B: the CCK-8 assay was employed to evaluate the activity of rat airway epithelial cells treated with LPS and SFYC formula; B1: 24 h later; B2: 48 h later; C: flow cytometry analysis was conducted to assess apoptosis in LPS-treated cells and those treated with SFYC formula. C1: Control group; C2: LPS group; C3: LPS + Blank; C4: LPS + SFYC-H; C5: LPS + SFYC-M; C6: LPS + SFYC-L; D: TEM was utilized to examine mitochondrial morphology following treatment with SFYC formula; D1: Control group; D2: LPS group; D3: LPS + Blank; D4: LPS + SFYC-H; D5: LPS + SFYC-M; D6: LPS + SFYC-L. Control group: Normal culture; LPS group: LPS, 1 μg/mL; LPS + Blank: LPS, 1 μg/mL; LPS + SFYC-H: LPS group + SFYC, 8% medicated serum; LPS+SFYC-M: LPS group+SFYC, 4% medicated serum; LPS+SFYC-L: LPS group + SFYC, 1% medicated serum. CCK-8: cell counting kit-8; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; SFYC: Soufeng Yuchuan formula. Statistical analyses were conducted using Student's t-test for comparisons between two groups or one-way analysis of variance for comparisons among multiple groups. All data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). Compared with the Control group, aP < 0.001; compared with the LPS + Blank group, bP < 0.05.
Figure 4 Soufeng Yuchuan formula inhibits ferroptosis in rat airway epithelial cells A: the levels of reactive ROS levels were measured using DCFH-DA in airway epithelial cells from rats treated with LPS and those treated with the SFYC formula; B: C11-BODIPY staining indicated an increase in lipid peroxidation in cells treated with LPS and the SFYC formula; A1, B1: control group; A2, B2: LPS group; A3, B3: LPS + Blank; A4, B4: LPS + SFYC-H; A5, B5: LPS + SFYC-M; A6, B6: LPS + SFYC-L; C: the elevated MDA levels in LPS-treated cells were assessed using following treatment with the SFYC formula; D: Western blot analysis was performed to evaluate the protein levels of TFR1, TFR2, and ACSL4 in LPS-treated cells and those treated with the SFYC formula. Control group: Normal culture; LPS group: LPS, 1 μg/mL; LPS + Blank: LPS, 1 μg/mL; LPS + SFYC-H: LPS group + SFYC, 8% medicated serum; LPS + SFYC-M: LPS group + SFYC, 4% medicated serum; LPS + SFYC-L: LPS group + SFYC, 1% medicated serum. ROS: reactive oxygen species; DCFH-DA: 2’,7’-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate; C11-BODIPY: C11-BODIPY 581/591; MDA: malondialdehyde; TFR1: transferrin receptor 1; ACSL4: acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; SFYC: Soufeng Yuchuan formula. Statistical analyses were conducted using Student's t-test for comparisons between two groups or one-way analysis of variance for comparisons among multiple groups. All data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). Compared with the Control group, aP < 0.001; compared with the LPS + Blank group, bP < 0.05.
Figure 4 Soufeng Yuchuan formula inhibits ferroptosis in rat airway epithelial cells A: the levels of reactive ROS levels were measured using DCFH-DA in airway epithelial cells from rats treated with LPS and those treated with the SFYC formula; B: C11-BODIPY staining indicated an increase in lipid peroxidation in cells treated with LPS and the SFYC formula; A1, B1: control group; A2, B2: LPS group; A3, B3: LPS + Blank; A4, B4: LPS + SFYC-H; A5, B5: LPS + SFYC-M; A6, B6: LPS + SFYC-L; C: the elevated MDA levels in LPS-treated cells were assessed using following treatment with the SFYC formula; D: Western blot analysis was performed to evaluate the protein levels of TFR1, TFR2, and ACSL4 in LPS-treated cells and those treated with the SFYC formula. Control group: Normal culture; LPS group: LPS, 1 μg/mL; LPS + Blank: LPS, 1 μg/mL; LPS + SFYC-H: LPS group + SFYC, 8% medicated serum; LPS + SFYC-M: LPS group + SFYC, 4% medicated serum; LPS + SFYC-L: LPS group + SFYC, 1% medicated serum. ROS: reactive oxygen species; DCFH-DA: 2’,7’-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate; C11-BODIPY: C11-BODIPY 581/591; MDA: malondialdehyde; TFR1: transferrin receptor 1; ACSL4: acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; SFYC: Soufeng Yuchuan formula. Statistical analyses were conducted using Student's t-test for comparisons between two groups or one-way analysis of variance for comparisons among multiple groups. All data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). Compared with the Control group, aP < 0.001; compared with the LPS + Blank group, bP < 0.05.
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