Efficacy and safety of acupuncture for arrythmias: an overview of systematic reviews and Meta-analyses

doi:10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.2025.06.002

Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 1178-1190.DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.2025.06.002

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Efficacy and safety of acupuncture for arrythmias: an overview of systematic reviews and Meta-analyses

WANG Ci¹, CAO Yawen¹, WANG Jiaying², CHEN Jixin¹, MA Xue¹, WANG Xianliang¹(), MAO Jingyuan¹()

1 Cardiology Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
2 Cardiology Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China. Cardiology Department, Wuxi People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China

Received:2024-12-22 Accepted:2025-04-12 Online:2025-12-15 Published:2025-11-24
Contact: WANG Xianliang, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China. xlwang1981@126.com
MAO Jingyuan, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China. jymao@126.com;
Supported by:
Mechanistic Study of the “Treating Different Diseases with the Same Therapy” of Yin-Nourishing, Wind-Extinguishing, and Collaterals-Connecting Method in Regulating Calcium Ion Homeostasis for the Prevention and Treatment of Myocardial Infarction and Ventricular Arrhythmias(82405324);Mechanistic Study of the Core Medicinal Pair of Yin-Nourishing, Wind-Extinguishing, and Collaterals-Connecting Formula in Regulating Late Sodium Current to Inhibit Early Afterdepolarizations(2023003);National Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance and Innovation Team Project—Inheritance and Innovation Team for Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases(ZYYCXTD-C-202203);Survey of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Characteristics of Ventricular Premature Contractions and Exploration of the Efficacy and Possible Mechanisms of the Yin-Nourishing, Wind-Extinguishing, and Collaterals-Connecting Formula(NKQPT2024010)

1. .pdf(281KB)

Abstract

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To reevaluate systematic reviews and Meta-analysis (SR/MAs) on the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in treating arrhythmias.

METHODS: SR/MAs of acupuncture treatment for arrhythmias were retrieved from four English databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library) and four Chinese databases ?(China National Knowledge Infrastructure? Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, Wanfang Data and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database) up to December 2023. Data were extracted according to predefined criteria. The methodological quality of included SR/MAs was assessed using the A Measurement Tool to assess systematic Reviews 2, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation were used to assess the reporting quality and evidence quality of the included SR/MAs.

RESULTS: A total of 10 SR/MAs were included, involving 8 types of arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, atrial premature beat, ventricular premature beat, sinus tachycardia, sinus bradycardia, and sick sinus syndrome) and 10 outcome indicators. The evaluation of efficacy and safety showed that acupuncture can effectively improve the average heart rate and clinical efficacy of patients with various types of arrhythmias, reduce the number of premature beats in patients with premature beats based on 24-h dynamic electrocardiography, increase the rate of sinus rhythm conversion in patients with atrial fibrillation, shorten the time to convert to sinus rhythm, etc., without serious adverse reactions. The results of methodological quality, reporting quality, and evidence quality of the included SR/MAs showed that the methodological quality evaluation was very low; reporting quality evaluation included 5 items rated as “somewhat deficient” and 5 items rated as “relatively complete”; evidence quality evaluation included 0 items rated as high, 4 items rated as medium, 13 items rated as low, and 17 items rated as very low.

CONCLUSION: Acupuncture as an adjuvant treatment for arrhythmias is clinically effective. However, due to the low quality of existing evidence, further improvement in the quality of original research design and SR/MAs is needed to provide strong scientific evidence and clear conclusions.

Key words: acupuncture, arrhythmia, systematic review, Meta-analysis

WANG Ci, CAO Yawen, WANG Jiaying, CHEN Jixin, MA Xue, WANG Xianliang, MAO Jingyuan. Efficacy and safety of acupuncture for arrythmias: an overview of systematic reviews and Meta-analyses[J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025, 45(6): 1178-1190.

Figures/Tables 4

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Study	Region	Publica-tion language	Included study design	Diagnoses	Included trial/ Participant (n)	Intervention		Quality assessment tool	Outcome	Overall conclusion	Adverse reaction	Publication bias
Study	Region	Publica-tion language	Included study design	Diagnoses	Included trial/ Participant (n)	Treatment group	Control group	Quality assessment tool	Outcome	Overall conclusion	Adverse reaction	Publication bias
An YP 2023²²	China	Chinese	RCTs	Af	10/726	Acupuncture or acupuncture + CM	CM or sham acupunc-ture	Cochrane risk of bias tool	Effective rate, The rate of Af cardioversion to sinus rhythm, ventricular rate, The time of Af cardioversion to sinus rhythm, adverse reactions	Acupuncture assisted treatment of Af can effectively improve the clinical total effective rate and sinus rhythm recovery rate, shorten the recovery time of sinus rhythm, reduce ventricular rate, and no obvious adverse reactions.	Yes	Yes
Ning SS et al 2023²⁵	China	English	RCTs	Arrhythmias (PB, Af, tachycardia, bradycardia)	11/804	Acupuncture + TCM	TCM	Cochrane risk of bias tool	Efficacy rate, The number of PB in 24 h, Conversion rate, LVEF, Adverse events	Compared with oral TCM alone, acupuncture combined with oral TCM showed a clear benefit in treating arrhythmias and had no increase in adverse events.	Yes	Yes
Li YB et al 2022²⁷	China	English	RCTs	Af	11/1234	acupuncture	CM	Cochrane risk of bias tool	the therapeutic effects of acupuncture on the resetting of Af	The combination of pharmacological resuscitation with acupuncture significantly improved the conversion of paroxysmal Af compared to pharmacological resuscitation only.	Not reported	Yes
Cai YY et al 2022²⁶	China, Australia	English	RCTs	PVC without ischemic or structural heart diseases	9/847	Acupuncture/Auricular acupressure + CM	CM	Cochrane risk of bias tool	Effective rate measured by 24 h Holter, Assessment of symptom severity, Quality of life, Adverse events	Acupuncture could be a therapeutic option to reduce the burden of PVBs in patients without ischemic or structural heart diseases.	Yes	Yes
Li Y 2021²³	China	Chinese	RCTs	Arrythmia (PB, tachyarrhythmia, Af, AF, SSS, ventricular arrhythmias	12/1049	Acupuncture	CM, blank or placebo control	Cochrane risk of bias tool	Effective rate, Heart rate, TCM symptom score, TCM symptom efficiency, The number of PB, Recurrence rate of Af and/or AF, Cardiac electrophysiology	Acupuncture was better than the control group in regulating average heart rate, improving TCM symptom score of arrhythmia, effective rate of TCM symptom of arrhythmia, improving the number of premature ventricular beats, reducing the recurrence rate of Af, and improving electrophysiological function of the heart	Yes	Yes
Fei Y et al 2019²⁸	China	English	RCTs	Af	8/633	Acupuncture or acupuncture + CM	CM or blank control	None	Effective rate, The rate of Af cardioversion to sinus rhythm, The time of Af cardioversion to sinus rhythm, Heart rate, Incidences of adverse effects	Acupuncture has a good therapeutic effect and safety profile on patients with Af	Yes	Yes
Liu J et al 2018³⁰	China	English	RCTs	Cardiac arrhythmias	9/638	Acupuncture	CM	Cochrane risk of bias tool	Effective rates (Af and AF, VPB and Other Cardiac Arrhythmias), Adverse Events	Acupuncture may be a useful and safe alternative or additive approach to AADs for cardiac arrhythmia, especially in VPB and Af patients	Yes	No
Li YD et al 2017²⁹	China, the United States	English	RCTs	Cardiac arrhythmias	13/797	Acupuncture or acupuncture + CM	CM or blank control	Cochrane risk of bias tool	Effective rate (PSVT, VPB, ST)	Clinical efficacy of acupuncture is not less than AAD for PSVT	yes	Yes
Wen WX et al 2014²⁴	China	Chinese	RCTs	Supraventri-cular tachycardia	5/323	Acupuncture	CM, blank or placebo control	Cochrane risk of bias tool	Heart rate, Effective rate	Acupuncture treatment of supraventricular tachycardia is safe and effective, but the level of evidence is low, and the strength of conclusion needs to be improved.	No	Yes
Kim TH et al 2011³¹	South Korea, the United Kindom	English	RCTs	Cardiac Arrhythmias	10/562	Acupuncture or acupuncture + CM	CM	Cochrane risk of bias tool	Effective rate (PSVT, VPB)	Acupuncture may be an effective treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. However, the evidence associated with acupuncture treatment for cardiac arrhythmias is limited because the majority of the studies were of low methodological quality.	No	Yes

Study	Region	Publica-tion language	Included study design	Diagnoses	Included trial/ Participant (n)	Intervention		Quality assessment tool	Outcome	Overall conclusion	Adverse reaction	Publication bias
Study	Region	Publica-tion language	Included study design	Diagnoses	Included trial/ Participant (n)	Treatment group	Control group	Quality assessment tool	Outcome	Overall conclusion	Adverse reaction	Publication bias
An YP 2023²²	China	Chinese	RCTs	Af	10/726	Acupuncture or acupuncture + CM	CM or sham acupunc-ture	Cochrane risk of bias tool	Effective rate, The rate of Af cardioversion to sinus rhythm, ventricular rate, The time of Af cardioversion to sinus rhythm, adverse reactions	Acupuncture assisted treatment of Af can effectively improve the clinical total effective rate and sinus rhythm recovery rate, shorten the recovery time of sinus rhythm, reduce ventricular rate, and no obvious adverse reactions.	Yes	Yes
Ning SS et al 2023²⁵	China	English	RCTs	Arrhythmias (PB, Af, tachycardia, bradycardia)	11/804	Acupuncture + TCM	TCM	Cochrane risk of bias tool	Efficacy rate, The number of PB in 24 h, Conversion rate, LVEF, Adverse events	Compared with oral TCM alone, acupuncture combined with oral TCM showed a clear benefit in treating arrhythmias and had no increase in adverse events.	Yes	Yes
Li YB et al 2022²⁷	China	English	RCTs	Af	11/1234	acupuncture	CM	Cochrane risk of bias tool	the therapeutic effects of acupuncture on the resetting of Af	The combination of pharmacological resuscitation with acupuncture significantly improved the conversion of paroxysmal Af compared to pharmacological resuscitation only.	Not reported	Yes
Cai YY et al 2022²⁶	China, Australia	English	RCTs	PVC without ischemic or structural heart diseases	9/847	Acupuncture/Auricular acupressure + CM	CM	Cochrane risk of bias tool	Effective rate measured by 24 h Holter, Assessment of symptom severity, Quality of life, Adverse events	Acupuncture could be a therapeutic option to reduce the burden of PVBs in patients without ischemic or structural heart diseases.	Yes	Yes
Li Y 2021²³	China	Chinese	RCTs	Arrythmia (PB, tachyarrhythmia, Af, AF, SSS, ventricular arrhythmias	12/1049	Acupuncture	CM, blank or placebo control	Cochrane risk of bias tool	Effective rate, Heart rate, TCM symptom score, TCM symptom efficiency, The number of PB, Recurrence rate of Af and/or AF, Cardiac electrophysiology	Acupuncture was better than the control group in regulating average heart rate, improving TCM symptom score of arrhythmia, effective rate of TCM symptom of arrhythmia, improving the number of premature ventricular beats, reducing the recurrence rate of Af, and improving electrophysiological function of the heart	Yes	Yes
Fei Y et al 2019²⁸	China	English	RCTs	Af	8/633	Acupuncture or acupuncture + CM	CM or blank control	None	Effective rate, The rate of Af cardioversion to sinus rhythm, The time of Af cardioversion to sinus rhythm, Heart rate, Incidences of adverse effects	Acupuncture has a good therapeutic effect and safety profile on patients with Af	Yes	Yes
Liu J et al 2018³⁰	China	English	RCTs	Cardiac arrhythmias	9/638	Acupuncture	CM	Cochrane risk of bias tool	Effective rates (Af and AF, VPB and Other Cardiac Arrhythmias), Adverse Events	Acupuncture may be a useful and safe alternative or additive approach to AADs for cardiac arrhythmia, especially in VPB and Af patients	Yes	No
Li YD et al 2017²⁹	China, the United States	English	RCTs	Cardiac arrhythmias	13/797	Acupuncture or acupuncture + CM	CM or blank control	Cochrane risk of bias tool	Effective rate (PSVT, VPB, ST)	Clinical efficacy of acupuncture is not less than AAD for PSVT	yes	Yes
Wen WX et al 2014²⁴	China	Chinese	RCTs	Supraventri-cular tachycardia	5/323	Acupuncture	CM, blank or placebo control	Cochrane risk of bias tool	Heart rate, Effective rate	Acupuncture treatment of supraventricular tachycardia is safe and effective, but the level of evidence is low, and the strength of conclusion needs to be improved.	No	Yes
Kim TH et al 2011³¹	South Korea, the United Kindom	English	RCTs	Cardiac Arrhythmias	10/562	Acupuncture or acupuncture + CM	CM	Cochrane risk of bias tool	Effective rate (PSVT, VPB)	Acupuncture may be an effective treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. However, the evidence associated with acupuncture treatment for cardiac arrhythmias is limited because the majority of the studies were of low methodological quality.	No	Yes

Study	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	Q5	Q6	Q7	Q8	Q9	Q 10	Q 11	Q 12	Q 13	Q 14	Q 15	Q 16	Overall quality
Wen WX et al 2014²⁴	Y	N	N	PY	N	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	N	N	PY	N	N	CL
An YP 2023²²	Y	N	N	PY	N	Y	N	Y	PY	Y	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	N	CL
Li Y 2021²³	Y	N	Y	PY	N	Y	N	PY	PY	N	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	N	CL
Fei Y et al 2019²⁸	Y	N	N	PY	N	Y	N	PY	N	N	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	CL
Ning SS et al 2023²⁵	Y	N	Y	PY	N	Y	N	PY	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	CL
Li YB et al 2022²⁷	Y	Y	N	PY	Y	Y	N	PY	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	CL
Cai YY et al 2022²⁶	Y	Y	N	Y	N	Y	N	Y	PY	Y	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	CL
Liu J et al 2018³⁰	Y	Y	Y	PY	N	Y	N	PY	Y	Y	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	CL
Li YD et al 2017²⁹	N	N	N	PY	N	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	CL
Kim TH et al 2011³¹	N	N	N	PY	N	Y	N	Y	PY	N	Y	N	N	N	N	N	CL

Study	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	Q5	Q6	Q7	Q8	Q9	Q 10	Q 11	Q 12	Q 13	Q 14	Q 15	Q 16	Overall quality
Wen WX et al 2014²⁴	Y	N	N	PY	N	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	N	N	PY	N	N	CL
An YP 2023²²	Y	N	N	PY	N	Y	N	Y	PY	Y	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	N	CL
Li Y 2021²³	Y	N	Y	PY	N	Y	N	PY	PY	N	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	N	CL
Fei Y et al 2019²⁸	Y	N	N	PY	N	Y	N	PY	N	N	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	CL
Ning SS et al 2023²⁵	Y	N	Y	PY	N	Y	N	PY	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	CL
Li YB et al 2022²⁷	Y	Y	N	PY	Y	Y	N	PY	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	CL
Cai YY et al 2022²⁶	Y	Y	N	Y	N	Y	N	Y	PY	Y	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	CL
Liu J et al 2018³⁰	Y	Y	Y	PY	N	Y	N	PY	Y	Y	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	CL
Li YD et al 2017²⁹	N	N	N	PY	N	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	CL
Kim TH et al 2011³¹	N	N	N	PY	N	Y	N	Y	PY	N	Y	N	N	N	N	N	CL

Section/topic	Item	Wen WX et al 2014²⁴	An YP 2023²²	Li Y 2021²³	Fei Y et al 2019²⁸	Ning SS et al 2023²⁵	Li YB et al 2022²⁷	Cai YY et al 2022²⁶	Liu J et al 2018³⁰	Li YD et al 2017²⁹	Kim TH et al 2011³¹	Compliance (%)
Title	1.Title	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	100
Abstract	2.Abstract	PY	Y	PY	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N	70
Introduction	3.Rational	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	100
	4.Objectives	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	100
Methods	5.Eligibility criteria	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	100
	6.Information sources	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	PY	PY	PY	70
	7.Search strategy	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N	N	N	70
	8.Selection process	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	100
	9.Data collection process	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	100
	10.Data items	Y	PY	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	PY	Y	Y	80
	11.Study risk of bias assessment	Y	PY	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N	80
	12.Effect measures	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	100
	13.Synthesis methods	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	100
	14.Reporting bias assessment	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N	90
	15.Certainty assessment	N	N	N	N	N	N	Y	N	N	N	10
Results	16.Study election	Y	PY	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	PY	80
	17.Study characteristics	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N	Y	Y	90
	18.Risk of bias within studies	N	Y	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	80
	19.Results of individual studies	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	100
	20.Results of syntheses	PY	PY	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	PY	70
	21.Reporting biases	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N	Y	N	80
	22.Certainty of evidence	N	N	N	N	N	N	Y	N	N	N	10
Discussion	23.Discussion	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	100
Other information	24.Registration and protocol	N	N	N	N	N	Y	Y	Y	N	N	30
	25.Support	Y	Y	N	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N	70
	26.Competing interests	N	N	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N	60
	27.Availability of data, code and other materials	PY	PY	PY	PY	PY	PY	PY	Y	PY	PY	10
Score		19.5	20.5	21	21.5	23.5	24.5	26.5	21	22	16.5
Quality		Somewhat deficient	Somewhat deficient	Somewhat deficient	Relatively complete	Relatively complete	Relatively complete	Relatively complete	Somewhat deficient	Relatively complete	Somewhat deficient

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References 42.

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[2]	WAN Le, JIANG Weiyu, ZHANG Wenchun, Yingsin Peng, LIU Jiancheng. Effects of 4 kinds of Chinese traditional Qigong exercises on cervical spondylosis: a network Meta-analysis [J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025, 45(6): 1191-1200.
[3]	KONG Lingyao, ZHANG Xiaowen, WANG Xuehui, WANG Zhijie, Robinson Nicola, LIU Jianping. Moxibustion for human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and its complications: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials [J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025, 45(6): 1201-1214.
[4]	SHOU Yin, JIANG Juntao, HU Jianlin, JI Wei, CHEN Chunyan, HU Li, MA Yuhang, ZHANG Bimeng. Electroacupuncture alleviates type 2 diabetes mellitus by promoting plasma-derived exosomal circular RNA of enhancer of zeste homolog 1 expression [J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025, 45(6): 1228-1237.
[5]	LIU Jingxuan, MO Qian, LEI Guowu, JIA Yejuan, LI Aiying, JIA Chunsheng, PAN Lijia. Four-dimensional data independent acquisition proteomics and metabolomics reveal mechanisms of hydrogen-rich water at Zusanli (ST36) point against triple-negative breast cancer in mice [J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025, 45(6): 1238-1253.
[6]	LYU Hequn, ZENG Chunli, ZHANG Hanrui, YANG Chen, SHEN Yan, PENG Yongjun. Effect of Xuanfei Tongqiao acupuncture on nasal inflammation in rats with allergic rhinitis: modulation of long non-coding RNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 methylation modification [J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025, 45(6): 1263-1272.
[7]	ZHANG Qiongshuai, LI Yi, CAO Fang, ZHI Mujun, WANG Le, LIU Ruyao, FENG Juanjuan. Effect of acupuncture on brain microenvironment in rats with post-stroke limb spasticity based on single-cell transcriptome sequencing technology [J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025, 45(6): 1273-1282.
[8]	XU Yuqin, YUAN Jinjun, ZHU Yanxian, CHEN Chen, MA Xiaoming, JIANG Jiaona, HUANG Xingxian, LUO Wenshu, LIU Fan, YANG Zhuoxin, ZHOU Yumei. Observation of the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for postpartum depression [J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025, 45(6): 1405-1413.
[9]	WANG Yue, LIU Xingxing, GUO Yi, GUO Yongming, YUAN Gongming, ZHANG Yu, ZHENG Zhiyu, XU Yuan, LI Yuan. Characterization of acupuncture on central amino acid metabolism based on targeted neurotransmitter analysis in mice with inflammatory pain [J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025, 45(5): 1019-1027.
[10]	LU Zhenkai, TAN Chang, ZHI Yingjie, ZHANG Xuming, XIE Yanming. Efficacy and safety of Compound E’jiao Jiang (复方阿胶浆) for treating leukopenia based: a systematic review and Meta-analysis [J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025, 45(5): 941-953.
[11]	GUO Jixing, JI Changchun, XIE Chaoju, RAO Xiang, SUN Zhangyin, XING Yu, ZHANG Rongni, QU Qiangqiang, DONG Youpeng, YANG Jinsheng. Various acupuncture therapies for managing nonspecific low back pain: a network Meta-analysis [J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025, 45(5): 954-962.
[12]	CHEN Ziying, ZHAO Xiaoping, FAN Xiaoxuan, TANG Didi, SUN Wen, LYU Jing, HUANG Lan, QI Fan. Seven Traditional Chinese Medicine external treatments combined with rehabilitation training on the functional recovery of limbs in patients with cerebral hemorrhage: a network Meta-analysis [J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025, 45(4): 711-719.
[13]	ZHAO Ping, HE Xingbo, HAN Xudong, CHEN Xinyue, LI Zhanglong, SONG Jike, XING Wenjia, WU Jiangfeng, GUO Bin, BI Hongsheng. Mechanism of electroacupuncture involve in lens-induced myopia guinea pigs by inhibiting wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway [J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025, 45(4): 796-805.
[14]	ZHENG Ruwen, DONG Xu, WANG Tianyi, FENG Liyuan, ZHANG Hongyan, HUO Hong, ZHANG Ying, ZHANG Qianshi, ZHU Xingyan, WANG Dongyan. Electroacupuncture versus conventional acupuncture of scalp motor area for post-stroke wrist dyskinesia and its effect on muscle function: a randomized, controlled clinical trial [J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025, 45(4): 852-859.
[15]	SONG Jianfei, QIN Zhengyuan, GU Xinlu, ZHANG Yan, LI Xingrui. Efficacy of acupuncture combined with upper limb rehabilitation robot-assisted training for neuroplasticity and functional recovery of patients with stroke: a prospective cohort study based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy technology [J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2025, 45(4): 860-866.