Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1): 195-204.DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.2026.01.018
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Effect of point application therapy for bronchial asthma: a multicenter randomized controlled trial
XU Huanfang1, LI Jiashan1, YANG Li1, WU Wenzhong2, YANG Jun3, ZHANG Wei4, LI Hui5, QU Nini, WANG Rui7, WANG Landi8, YANG Hongzhi9, ZHANG Lihua10, HE Yong11, XIONG Guanyu12, LIU Baoyan13(
), FANG Yigong1()
- 1 Acupuncture and Moxibustion Hospital, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
2 Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
3 Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
4 Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China
5 Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
6 Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110032, China
7 Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
8 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730050, China
9 Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China
10 Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 710003, China
11 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450007, China
12 Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Kaifeng Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kaifeng 475000, China
13 Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
-
Received:2024-11-27Accepted:2025-06-09Online:2026-02-15Published:2026-01-28 -
Contact:Prof. FANG Yigong, Acupuncture and Moxibustion Hospital, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.fangyigong@163.com ; PProf. LIU Baoyan, Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.baoyanjournal@163.com ;Telephone: +86-18210547483 -
About author:XU Huanfang andLI Jiashan are co-first authors and contributed equally to this work -
Supported by:“12th Five-year” National Science and Technology Pillar Program by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China: Clinical Evaluation and Technical Operation Specification Research on Preventing Bronchial Asthma Attacks by Acupoint Application in Winter Disease Summer Treatment(2015BAI04B11)
Cite this article
XU Huanfang, LI Jiashan, YANG Li, WU Wenzhong, YANG Jun, ZHANG Wei, LI Hui, QU Nini, WANG Rui, WANG Landi, YANG Hongzhi, ZHANG Lihua, HE Yong, XIONG Guanyu, LIU Baoyan, FANG Yigong. Effect of point application therapy for bronchial asthma: a multicenter randomized controlled trial[J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2026, 46(1): 195-204.
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Figure 1 Flow of participants PAT: point application therapy; ITT: intention-to-treat.
Figure 1 Flow of participants PAT: point application therapy; ITT: intention-to-treat.
Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the participants
| Characteristic | PAT (n = 418) | Placebo PAT (n = 417) |
|---|---|---|
| Female Sex [n (%)] | 257 (61.48) | 253 (64.99) |
| Age ($\bar{x} \pm s$, years) | 52.5±12.5 | 52.7±12.6 |
| Smoker [n (%)] | 63 (15.07) | 77 (18.47) |
| Duration of disease ($\bar{x} \pm s$, years) | 10.4±6.1 | 10.1±6.0 |
| Patients with comorbidities [n (%)] | 46 (11.08) | 45 (10.87) |
| Number of asthma exacerbation [median (Q1, Q3)] | 4.00 (2.00, 7.00) | 4.00 (2.00, 8.00) |
| Severity of asthma exacerbation [n (%)]a | ||
| Mild | 1718 (77.04) | 1654 (75.42) |
| Moderate | 436 (19.55) | 451 (20.57) |
| Severe | 76 (3.41) | 88 (4.01) |
| Lung function | ||
| FEV1%pred ($\bar{x} \pm s$, %) | 74.4±23.4 | 73.1±23.4 |
| FEV1/FVC ($\bar{x} \pm s$) | 70.4±15.5 | 68.3±15.4 |
| PEF ($\bar{x} \pm s$, L/s) | 4.1±2.8 | 3.8±2.5 |
| ACT score ($\bar{x} \pm s$) | 20.5±3.0 | 20.6±2.9 |
| Patients using reliever medications [n (%)] | 355 (84.93) | 334 (80.10) |
| Use of reliever [n (%)] | ||
| Corticosteroids | 235 (56.22) | 242 (58.03) |
| β2 receptor agonist | 224 (53.59) | 228 (54.68) |
| Others | 69 (16.51) | 75 (17.99) |
| AEs [n (%)] | 20 (4.78) | 20 (4.80) |
Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the participants
| Characteristic | PAT (n = 418) | Placebo PAT (n = 417) |
|---|---|---|
| Female Sex [n (%)] | 257 (61.48) | 253 (64.99) |
| Age ($\bar{x} \pm s$, years) | 52.5±12.5 | 52.7±12.6 |
| Smoker [n (%)] | 63 (15.07) | 77 (18.47) |
| Duration of disease ($\bar{x} \pm s$, years) | 10.4±6.1 | 10.1±6.0 |
| Patients with comorbidities [n (%)] | 46 (11.08) | 45 (10.87) |
| Number of asthma exacerbation [median (Q1, Q3)] | 4.00 (2.00, 7.00) | 4.00 (2.00, 8.00) |
| Severity of asthma exacerbation [n (%)]a | ||
| Mild | 1718 (77.04) | 1654 (75.42) |
| Moderate | 436 (19.55) | 451 (20.57) |
| Severe | 76 (3.41) | 88 (4.01) |
| Lung function | ||
| FEV1%pred ($\bar{x} \pm s$, %) | 74.4±23.4 | 73.1±23.4 |
| FEV1/FVC ($\bar{x} \pm s$) | 70.4±15.5 | 68.3±15.4 |
| PEF ($\bar{x} \pm s$, L/s) | 4.1±2.8 | 3.8±2.5 |
| ACT score ($\bar{x} \pm s$) | 20.5±3.0 | 20.6±2.9 |
| Patients using reliever medications [n (%)] | 355 (84.93) | 334 (80.10) |
| Use of reliever [n (%)] | ||
| Corticosteroids | 235 (56.22) | 242 (58.03) |
| β2 receptor agonist | 224 (53.59) | 228 (54.68) |
| Others | 69 (16.51) | 75 (17.99) |
| AEs [n (%)] | 20 (4.78) | 20 (4.80) |
Table 2 Severity of asthma exacerbations [n (%)]
| Variable | PAT | Placebo PAT | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12 months | 0.062 | ||
| Mild | 630 (79.85) | (75.51) | |
| Moderate | 148 (18.76) | 217 (22.14) | |
| Severe | 11 (1.39) | 23 (2.35) | |
| 24 months | < 0.001 | ||
| Mild | 473 (85.53) | (74.56) | |
| Moderate | 68 (12.30) | 171 (23.01) | |
| Severe | 12 (2.17) | 18 (2.42) |
Table 2 Severity of asthma exacerbations [n (%)]
| Variable | PAT | Placebo PAT | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12 months | 0.062 | ||
| Mild | 630 (79.85) | (75.51) | |
| Moderate | 148 (18.76) | 217 (22.14) | |
| Severe | 11 (1.39) | 23 (2.35) | |
| 24 months | < 0.001 | ||
| Mild | 473 (85.53) | (74.56) | |
| Moderate | 68 (12.30) | 171 (23.01) | |
| Severe | 12 (2.17) | 18 (2.42) |
Table 3 Other secondary outcomes
| Variable | PAT (n = 418) | Placebo PAT (n = 417) | Difference (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FEV1%pred ($\bar{x} \pm s$, %) | ||||
| 12 months | 76.5±20.4 | 73.3±23.9 | 2.92 (－0.79, 6.23) | 0.120 |
| 24 months | 76.4±18.7 | 73.4±23.0 | 3.05 (－0.35, 6.45) | 0.039 |
| FEV1/FVC ($\bar{x} \pm s$, %) | ||||
| 12 months | 71.6±15.8 | 67.8±15.6 | 4.11 (1.76, 6.47) | 0.001 |
| 24 months | 77.2±16.7 | 72.2±18.1 | 4.61 (1.72, 7.51) | 0.001 |
| PEF ($\bar{x} \pm s$, L/s) | ||||
| 12 months | 4.2±2.8 | 4.2±2.7 | －0.03 (－0.37, 0.30) | 0.755 |
| 24 months | 4.2±2.7 | 4.07±2.6 | 0.25 (－0.09, 0.58) | 0.645 |
| ACT score ($\bar{x} \pm s$) | ||||
| 12 months | 21.7±2.4 | 21.5±2.3 | 0.26 (－0.05, 0.58) | 0.269 |
| 24 months | 22.1±2.2 | 21.5±2.5 | 0.60 (0.33, 0.87) | 0.005 |
| Patients using reliever medications [n (%)] | ||||
| 12 months | 186 (44.50) | 218 (52.28) | 0.024 | |
| 24 months | 159 (38.04) | 175 (41.97) | 0.037 | |
| Use of relievera [n (%)] | ||||
| 12 months | ||||
| Corticosteroid | 109 (26.08) | 129 (30.94) | 0.050 | |
| β2 receptor agonist | 109 (26.08) | 137 (32.85) | ||
| Others | 56 (13.40) | 75 (17.99) | ||
| 24 months | ||||
| Corticosteroid | 91 (21.78) | 105 (25.18) | 0.039 | |
| β2 receptor agonist | 91 (21.78) | 109 (26.14) | ||
| Others | 38 (9.10) | 41 (9.83) | ||
| Blindness assessmentb [n (%)] | ||||
| Yes | 28 (75.67) | 25 (67.56) | 0.688 | |
| No | 3 (8.11) | 5 (13.51) | ||
| Unknown | 6 (16.22) | 7 (18.92) | ||
Table 3 Other secondary outcomes
| Variable | PAT (n = 418) | Placebo PAT (n = 417) | Difference (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FEV1%pred ($\bar{x} \pm s$, %) | ||||
| 12 months | 76.5±20.4 | 73.3±23.9 | 2.92 (－0.79, 6.23) | 0.120 |
| 24 months | 76.4±18.7 | 73.4±23.0 | 3.05 (－0.35, 6.45) | 0.039 |
| FEV1/FVC ($\bar{x} \pm s$, %) | ||||
| 12 months | 71.6±15.8 | 67.8±15.6 | 4.11 (1.76, 6.47) | 0.001 |
| 24 months | 77.2±16.7 | 72.2±18.1 | 4.61 (1.72, 7.51) | 0.001 |
| PEF ($\bar{x} \pm s$, L/s) | ||||
| 12 months | 4.2±2.8 | 4.2±2.7 | －0.03 (－0.37, 0.30) | 0.755 |
| 24 months | 4.2±2.7 | 4.07±2.6 | 0.25 (－0.09, 0.58) | 0.645 |
| ACT score ($\bar{x} \pm s$) | ||||
| 12 months | 21.7±2.4 | 21.5±2.3 | 0.26 (－0.05, 0.58) | 0.269 |
| 24 months | 22.1±2.2 | 21.5±2.5 | 0.60 (0.33, 0.87) | 0.005 |
| Patients using reliever medications [n (%)] | ||||
| 12 months | 186 (44.50) | 218 (52.28) | 0.024 | |
| 24 months | 159 (38.04) | 175 (41.97) | 0.037 | |
| Use of relievera [n (%)] | ||||
| 12 months | ||||
| Corticosteroid | 109 (26.08) | 129 (30.94) | 0.050 | |
| β2 receptor agonist | 109 (26.08) | 137 (32.85) | ||
| Others | 56 (13.40) | 75 (17.99) | ||
| 24 months | ||||
| Corticosteroid | 91 (21.78) | 105 (25.18) | 0.039 | |
| β2 receptor agonist | 91 (21.78) | 109 (26.14) | ||
| Others | 38 (9.10) | 41 (9.83) | ||
| Blindness assessmentb [n (%)] | ||||
| Yes | 28 (75.67) | 25 (67.56) | 0.688 | |
| No | 3 (8.11) | 5 (13.51) | ||
| Unknown | 6 (16.22) | 7 (18.92) | ||
Table 4 Treatment-related AEs [n (%)]
| AEsa | PAT (n = 418) | Placebo PAT (n = 417) |
|---|---|---|
| Totalb | 81 (19.4) | 21 (5) |
| SAEs | 0 | 0 |
| Blister | 3 (0.7) | 4 (1.0) |
| Asthma aggravation | 3 (0.7) | 1 (0.2) |
| Cough | 1 (0.2) | 2 (0.5) |
| Skin allergyb | 74 (17.7) | 14 (3.4) |
Table 4 Treatment-related AEs [n (%)]
| AEsa | PAT (n = 418) | Placebo PAT (n = 417) |
|---|---|---|
| Totalb | 81 (19.4) | 21 (5) |
| SAEs | 0 | 0 |
| Blister | 3 (0.7) | 4 (1.0) |
| Asthma aggravation | 3 (0.7) | 1 (0.2) |
| Cough | 1 (0.2) | 2 (0.5) |
| Skin allergyb | 74 (17.7) | 14 (3.4) |
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