In-vitro and in-vivo pharmacological screening of Iris albicans

doi:10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.2022.01.001

Abstract

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the anti-oxidant, enzyme inhibition, anti-pyretic, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activities of Iris albicans.

METHODS: Anti-oxidant assay was evaluated using DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging and ABTS (2, 2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) inhibitory protocol while enzyme inhibitory assay was evaluated by lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory protocol respectively. Anti-pyretic, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic potential was evaluated using brewer’s yeast induced pyrexia, carrageenan induced paw edema and streptozocin induced diabetes protocols respectively. Serum biochemical parameters were monitored for the period of study.

RESULTS: The anti-oxidant activity of chloroform fraction of Iris albicans showed the highest scavenging potential against DPPH and ABTS while the maximum inhibitory action recorded against lipo-oxygenase and cyclo-oxygenase-2 enzymes was shown by n-hexane and chloroform fractions respectively. The anti-pyretic potential of the crude methanolic extract showed dose dependent activity in reducing pyrexia, thereby when the dose was increased the anti-pyretic effect was also enhanced. The anti-inflammatory action of the crude methanolic extract administered at the dose of 300 mg/kg was significant at 1 h after its administration, which was found maintained up to 5 h. Similarly the anti-diabetic effect of the crude methanolic extract administered at the dose of 200 and 300 mg/kg was noted highly significant at day 6 and was found well maintained throughout the study time period up to 10 days. Significant (P < 0.001) improvement appeared in hemoglobin, protein, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, creatinine, HDL and LDL of extract treated diabetic mice.

CONCLUSION: From this data it could be concluded that Iris albicans have significant anti-oxidant, enzyme inhibition, ant-pyretic, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic potential.

Key words: antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agent, antipyretics, hypoglycemic agents, Iris Albicans

Kamal Dawood, Roohullah, Rabbi Fazle, Naz Attiqa, Bilal Muhammad. In-vitro and in-vivo pharmacological screening of Iris albicans[J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2022, 42(1): 9-16.

Figures/Tables 7

References 30

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Sample	Conc. (µgm/ mL)		DPPH scavenging assay													Cyclo-oxygenase-2
Sample	Conc. (µgm/ mL)		% inhibition (mean± SEM)	IC₅₀(µg/mL)		% Inhibition (mean±SEM)			IC₅₀ (µg/ mL)	% Inhibition (mean±SEM)				IC₅₀(µg/mL)	% Inhibition (mean±SEM)		IC₅₀ (µg/mL)
Meth-anolic	1000 500 250 125		54.43±0.61^a 47.03±0.38^a 41.33±0.33^a 39.07±1.02^a	750	55.63±0.48^a 51.66±0.88^a 46.00±0.57^a 41.96±0.12^a			525			51.43±0.64 43.46±0.73 41.56±0.64 39.40±1.21			830		31.60±0.73 26.47±0.59 21.73±1.50 19.43±1.50	2292
n-Hexane	1000 500 250 125	43.02±1.11^a 36.13±0.88^a 31.46±0.54^a 26.53±0.61^a		1370	48.03±0.38^a 44.46±0.54^a 38.56±0.40^a 32.20±0.91^a		1060					21.90±0.78 17.97±1.33 09.60±2.03		2100		21.90±0.78 17.97±1.33 09.60±2.03	2100
Chlor-oform	1000 500 250 125	69.96±0.21^b 63.53±1.09^a 57.00±0.57^a 49.06±1.04^a		139	65.26±0.32^a 53.33±0.33^a 49.43±0.61^a 45.07±1.02^a				330			49.40±0.65 42.37±0.72 36.87±1.04 31.80±0.55	960			75.52 ± 3.28 55.59 ± 3.28 50.83 ± 1.21 45.87 ± 0.85	240
Ethyl acetate	1000 500 250 125	71.56±1.24^b 64.46±0.50^a 56.60±0.41^a 48.43±0.81^a		150	63.13±0.88^a 54.00±0.57^a 47.02±1.11^a 42.66±0.58^a				410			41.97±1.25 33.53±0.58 27.37±0.67 21.77±1.54	1280			42.77±0.82 38.87±0.70 32.73±0.95 28.60±1.19	1423
Aqueous	1000 500 250 125	47.86±0.85^a 41.76±0.78^a 33.16±0.86^a 28.60±0.41^a		1050	45.16±0.85^a 36.26±0.32^a 31.20±0.91^a 28.63±0.52^a				1240			28.03±2.08 22.63±0.75 13.53±1.87	2176			34.83±0.33 31.60±0.88 22.67±1.29 13.73±0.84	1610
Positive control	1000 500 250 125	83.33±0.88 74.66±0.49 71.50±0.60 68.00±0.57		13	87.83±0.29 86.66±0.66 81.00±1.06 79.03±0.87				< 0.1			87.62±1.42 84.79±1.88 80.79±1.08 75.12±0.54	02			87.49 ± 0.60 76.28 ± 1.94 70.08 ± 1.04 65.37 ± 0.56	32

Sample	Conc. (µgm/ mL)		DPPH scavenging assay													Cyclo-oxygenase-2
Sample	Conc. (µgm/ mL)		% inhibition (mean± SEM)	IC₅₀(µg/mL)		% Inhibition (mean±SEM)			IC₅₀ (µg/ mL)	% Inhibition (mean±SEM)				IC₅₀(µg/mL)	% Inhibition (mean±SEM)		IC₅₀ (µg/mL)
Meth-anolic	1000 500 250 125		54.43±0.61^a 47.03±0.38^a 41.33±0.33^a 39.07±1.02^a	750	55.63±0.48^a 51.66±0.88^a 46.00±0.57^a 41.96±0.12^a			525			51.43±0.64 43.46±0.73 41.56±0.64 39.40±1.21			830		31.60±0.73 26.47±0.59 21.73±1.50 19.43±1.50	2292
n-Hexane	1000 500 250 125	43.02±1.11^a 36.13±0.88^a 31.46±0.54^a 26.53±0.61^a		1370	48.03±0.38^a 44.46±0.54^a 38.56±0.40^a 32.20±0.91^a		1060					21.90±0.78 17.97±1.33 09.60±2.03		2100		21.90±0.78 17.97±1.33 09.60±2.03	2100
Chlor-oform	1000 500 250 125	69.96±0.21^b 63.53±1.09^a 57.00±0.57^a 49.06±1.04^a		139	65.26±0.32^a 53.33±0.33^a 49.43±0.61^a 45.07±1.02^a				330			49.40±0.65 42.37±0.72 36.87±1.04 31.80±0.55	960			75.52 ± 3.28 55.59 ± 3.28 50.83 ± 1.21 45.87 ± 0.85	240
Ethyl acetate	1000 500 250 125	71.56±1.24^b 64.46±0.50^a 56.60±0.41^a 48.43±0.81^a		150	63.13±0.88^a 54.00±0.57^a 47.02±1.11^a 42.66±0.58^a				410			41.97±1.25 33.53±0.58 27.37±0.67 21.77±1.54	1280			42.77±0.82 38.87±0.70 32.73±0.95 28.60±1.19	1423
Aqueous	1000 500 250 125	47.86±0.85^a 41.76±0.78^a 33.16±0.86^a 28.60±0.41^a		1050	45.16±0.85^a 36.26±0.32^a 31.20±0.91^a 28.63±0.52^a				1240			28.03±2.08 22.63±0.75 13.53±1.87	2176			34.83±0.33 31.60±0.88 22.67±1.29 13.73±0.84	1610
Positive control	1000 500 250 125	83.33±0.88 74.66±0.49 71.50±0.60 68.00±0.57		13	87.83±0.29 86.66±0.66 81.00±1.06 79.03±0.87				< 0.1			87.62±1.42 84.79±1.88 80.79±1.08 75.12±0.54	02			87.49 ± 0.60 76.28 ± 1.94 70.08 ± 1.04 65.37 ± 0.56	32

Dosage		Paw edema induction by carrageenan
Dosage		0 h	1 h	3 h	5 h
Normal Saline		0.094±0.002	0.190±0.006	0.194±0.006	0.178±0.005
Aspirin 150 mg/kg		0.096±0.004	0.162±0.007^a	0.140±0.005^c	0.122±0.003^c
Crude Extract	100 mg/kg	0.096±0.002	0.194±0.007	0.175±0.007	0.154±0.008
	200 mg/kg	0.096±0.004	0.168±0.009^b	0.154±0.008^c	0.126±0.006^c
	300 mg/kg	0.094±0.002	0.155±0.005^c	0.132±0.002^c	0.110±0.003^c

Dosage		Paw edema induction by carrageenan
Dosage		0 h	1 h	3 h	5 h
Normal Saline		0.094±0.002	0.190±0.006	0.194±0.006	0.178±0.005
Aspirin 150 mg/kg		0.096±0.004	0.162±0.007^a	0.140±0.005^c	0.122±0.003^c
Crude Extract	100 mg/kg	0.096±0.002	0.194±0.007	0.175±0.007	0.154±0.008
	200 mg/kg	0.096±0.004	0.168±0.009^b	0.154±0.008^c	0.126±0.006^c
	300 mg/kg	0.094±0.002	0.155±0.005^c	0.132±0.002^c	0.110±0.003^c

Group	After 16 h of fasting	After 72 h of STZ	At 4th day	At 5th day	At 6th day		At 8th day	At 9th Day	At 10th Day
Control	68.5±5.0	80.2±5.0	74.8 ± 4.7	80.7±5.3	73.1±4.6	76.5 ± 5.8	76.3±4.6	78.2±4.2	71.7±4.8
STZ	72.0±2.1	341.5±18.3	334.5±12.1	361.5±22.9	365.3±17.4	405.0±13.7	351.7±17.4	386.7±20.1	363.7±19.7
STZ +Metformin (25 mg/kg)	66.7±2.9	330.7±10.6	295.5±20.3	295.2±8.5^a	272.0±5.7^c	241.3±9.0^c	223.2±13.5^c	184.2±9.7^c	148.2±10.5^c
STZ+Extract (100 mg/kg)	60.0±1.7	354.7±25.0	333.3±19.3	309.8±22.7^b	291.2±22.9^c	285.3±15.1^c	239.5±18.2^c	232.8±16.1^c	211.5±17.2^c
STZ+Extract (200 mg/kg)	63.5±5.0	369.8±32.0	339.8±11.2	260.7±13.9^c	254.8±9.6^c	243.7±5.6^c	205.0±5.2^c	169.3±4.4^c	144.5±7.3^c
STZ+Extract (300 mg/kg)	58.8±3.0	385.6±18.1	323.2±12.6	245.0±13.3^c	243.5±2.3^c	212.0±4.7^c	183.8±12.9^c	154.2±3.4^c	127.3±5.7^c

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