Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 274-284.DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.20251215.001
• Original Articles • Previous Articles Next Articles
Qianyang Yuyin granule (潜阳育阴颗粒) modulates glycolysis and inflammatory response to treat hypertensive cardiac remodeling
SUN Zeqi1, ZHANG Weiting1, FAN Yadong2, XU Junyao3, HUANG Hong3, XIONG Ziwen1, CAO Huiting1, LIU Ming3(
), FANG Zhuyuan2,3()
- 1
Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine ,Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210029, China
2Institute of Hypertension ,Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210029, China
3Department of Cardiology ,Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210029, China
-
Received:2024-12-12Accepted:2025-06-10Online:2026-04-15Published:2025-12-15 -
Contact:Prof. FANG Zhuyuan, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Institute of Hypertension, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China. fangzhuyuan@njucm.edu.cn; Telephone: +86-13951617800; Prof. LIU Ming, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Institute of Hypertension, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China. liuming@njucm.edu.cn; Telephone: +86-13815885859 -
Supported by:Jiangsu Chinese Medicine Clinical Medicine Innovation Center for Hypertension to Prevention Treatment and Translational Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Early Renal Damage in Hypertension(grants k2021j17);Jiangsu Chinese Medicine Clinical Medicine Innovation Center for Hypertension to Prevention Treatment and Translational Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Early Renal Damage in Hypertension(k2021j17-1);The Research Innovation Program for College Graduates of Jiangsu Province, to Exploring the Mechanism of Qianyang Yuyin Granule in Improving Hypertensive Renal Damage and Exploring the Mechanism of Yangxin Shumai Granule in Treating Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction by Attenuating Cardiac Fibrosis(KYCX22_1932);The Research Innovation Program for College Graduates of Jiangsu Province, to Exploring the Mechanism of Qianyang Yuyin Granule in Improving Hypertensive Renal Damage and Exploring the Mechanism of Yangxin Shumai Granule in Treating Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction by Attenuating Cardiac Fibrosis(SJCX25_1029);The 2023 Youth Fund of Jiangsu Science and Technology Plan Special Project (Investigating the Mechanism of Qianyang Yuyin Granule in Alleviating Hypertensive Renal Vascular Remodeling by Regulating Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell-macrophage Crosstalk via Extracellular Vesicles)(SBK2023045102);The Youth Program of Jiangsu Province Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Development Plan to Exploring the Mechanism of Qianyang Yuyin Granule in Improving Hypertensive Myocardial Remodeling Based on FUN14 Domain-containing Protein 1 Regulation of the Mitophagy-Panoptosis Axis(QN202410)
Cite this article
SUN Zeqi, ZHANG Weiting, FAN Yadong, XU Junyao, HUANG Hong, XIONG Ziwen, CAO Huiting, LIU Ming, FANG Zhuyuan. Qianyang Yuyin granule (潜阳育阴颗粒) modulates glycolysis and inflammatory response to treat hypertensive cardiac remodeling[J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2026, 46(2): 274-284.
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Figure 1 QYYY alleviates hypertension and improves cardiac architecture in a hypertensive mouse model A: effects of QYYY on blood pressure and cardiac hypertrophy indices after 4 weeks of administration; A1: SBP; A2: DBP; A3: HW/BW; A4: HW/TL; B: quantification of echocardiographic parameters of mice from each group; B1: IVS s; B2: IVS d; B3: LVPW s; B4: LVPW d; B5: LVID s; B6: LVID d; B7: LV Vol s; B8: LV Vol d. QYYY-L: the mice received QYYY at a dose of 2.6 g/kg once every day for 4 weeks; QYYY-H: the mice received QYYY at a dose of 5.2 g/kg once every day for 4 weeks; Sac/Val: the mice received sacubitril/valsartan at a dose of 13 mg/kg once every day for 4 weeks. QYYY: Qianyang Yuyin granule; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HW/BW: heart weight to body weight; HW/TL: heart weight to tibia length; IVS: interventricular septum; LVID: left ventricular internal dimension; LVPW: left ventricular posterior wall; LV Vol: left ventricular volume; s: systole; d: diastole. The data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 6) and analyzed using one-way analysis of variance with Dunnett's post hoc test. aP < 0.05 vs control group; bP < 0.05 vs model group.
Figure 1 QYYY alleviates hypertension and improves cardiac architecture in a hypertensive mouse model A: effects of QYYY on blood pressure and cardiac hypertrophy indices after 4 weeks of administration; A1: SBP; A2: DBP; A3: HW/BW; A4: HW/TL; B: quantification of echocardiographic parameters of mice from each group; B1: IVS s; B2: IVS d; B3: LVPW s; B4: LVPW d; B5: LVID s; B6: LVID d; B7: LV Vol s; B8: LV Vol d. QYYY-L: the mice received QYYY at a dose of 2.6 g/kg once every day for 4 weeks; QYYY-H: the mice received QYYY at a dose of 5.2 g/kg once every day for 4 weeks; Sac/Val: the mice received sacubitril/valsartan at a dose of 13 mg/kg once every day for 4 weeks. QYYY: Qianyang Yuyin granule; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HW/BW: heart weight to body weight; HW/TL: heart weight to tibia length; IVS: interventricular septum; LVID: left ventricular internal dimension; LVPW: left ventricular posterior wall; LV Vol: left ventricular volume; s: systole; d: diastole. The data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 6) and analyzed using one-way analysis of variance with Dunnett's post hoc test. aP < 0.05 vs control group; bP < 0.05 vs model group.
Figure 2 QYYY attenuated hypertensive cardiac remodeling and inflammation A: representative images of cardiac tissue sections stained with HE; B: representative images of cardiac tissue sections stained with Masson's trichrome; Scale bars = 50 µm; C1: Western blot analysis of β-MHC and ANP; C2: protein expression of β-MHC; protein expression of ANP; D1: Western blot analysis of p-NF-κB p65; D2: quantification of relative protein expression of p-NF-κB p65; D3: serum levels of TGF-β measured by ELISA; D4: serum levels of TNF-α measured by ELISA. A1, B1: Control group; A2, B2: Model group; A3, B3: QYYY-L group; A4, B4: QYYY-H group; A5, B5: Sac/Val group. QYYY-L: the mice received QYYY at a dose of 2.6 g/kg once every day for 4 weeks; QYYY-H: the mice received QYYY at a dose of 5.2 g/kg once every day for 4 weeks; Sac/Val: the mice received sacubitril/valsartan at a dose of 13 mg/kg once every day for 4 weeks. QYYY: Qianyang Yuyin granule; HE: hematoxylin-eosin; ANP: atrial natriuretic peptide; β-MHC: myosin heavy chain beta; p-NF-κB p65: phospho-NF-kappa B p65; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; TGF-β: tumor necrosis factor-β; ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3) and analyzed using one-way analysis of variance with Dunnett's post hoc test. aP < 0.05 vs control group; bP < 0.05 vs model group.
Figure 2 QYYY attenuated hypertensive cardiac remodeling and inflammation A: representative images of cardiac tissue sections stained with HE; B: representative images of cardiac tissue sections stained with Masson's trichrome; Scale bars = 50 µm; C1: Western blot analysis of β-MHC and ANP; C2: protein expression of β-MHC; protein expression of ANP; D1: Western blot analysis of p-NF-κB p65; D2: quantification of relative protein expression of p-NF-κB p65; D3: serum levels of TGF-β measured by ELISA; D4: serum levels of TNF-α measured by ELISA. A1, B1: Control group; A2, B2: Model group; A3, B3: QYYY-L group; A4, B4: QYYY-H group; A5, B5: Sac/Val group. QYYY-L: the mice received QYYY at a dose of 2.6 g/kg once every day for 4 weeks; QYYY-H: the mice received QYYY at a dose of 5.2 g/kg once every day for 4 weeks; Sac/Val: the mice received sacubitril/valsartan at a dose of 13 mg/kg once every day for 4 weeks. QYYY: Qianyang Yuyin granule; HE: hematoxylin-eosin; ANP: atrial natriuretic peptide; β-MHC: myosin heavy chain beta; p-NF-κB p65: phospho-NF-kappa B p65; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; TGF-β: tumor necrosis factor-β; ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3) and analyzed using one-way analysis of variance with Dunnett's post hoc test. aP < 0.05 vs control group; bP < 0.05 vs model group.
Figure 3 QYYY reshaped the metabolic balance of Ang Ⅱ infused mice A: OPLS-DA between different groups and differential metabolite screening presented as volcano plots (P < 0.05, |log2FC| > = 0); A1: OPLS-DA between control group and model group; A2: OPLS-DA between model group and QYYY-H group; A3: volcano plots between control group and model group; A4: volcano plots between model group and QYYY-H group; B: contents of nine DEMs in the mouse heart; B1: lysine; B2: asparagine; B3: methionine; B4: 1-methylhistidine; B5: glycine; B6: serine; B7: acetic acid; B8: lactic acid; B9: malic acid; C: pathway analysis of DEMs, the red boxes represent the pathways enriched by the 9 differential metabolites in Figure 3B. QYYY-H: the mice received QYYY at a dose of 5.2 g/kg once every day for 4 weeks. QYYY: Qianyang Yuyin granule; OPLS-DA: orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis; DEMs: differential expressed metabolites. The data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 8) and analyzed using one-way analysis of variance with Dunnett's post hoc test. aP < 0.05 vs control group; bP < 0.05 vs model group.
Figure 3 QYYY reshaped the metabolic balance of Ang Ⅱ infused mice A: OPLS-DA between different groups and differential metabolite screening presented as volcano plots (P < 0.05, |log2FC| > = 0); A1: OPLS-DA between control group and model group; A2: OPLS-DA between model group and QYYY-H group; A3: volcano plots between control group and model group; A4: volcano plots between model group and QYYY-H group; B: contents of nine DEMs in the mouse heart; B1: lysine; B2: asparagine; B3: methionine; B4: 1-methylhistidine; B5: glycine; B6: serine; B7: acetic acid; B8: lactic acid; B9: malic acid; C: pathway analysis of DEMs, the red boxes represent the pathways enriched by the 9 differential metabolites in Figure 3B. QYYY-H: the mice received QYYY at a dose of 5.2 g/kg once every day for 4 weeks. QYYY: Qianyang Yuyin granule; OPLS-DA: orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis; DEMs: differential expressed metabolites. The data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 8) and analyzed using one-way analysis of variance with Dunnett's post hoc test. aP < 0.05 vs control group; bP < 0.05 vs model group.
Figure 4 QYYY regulated the HIF-1α/PKM2 pathway in cardiac tissue A: IHC analysis was performed to determine the expression of HIF-1α in cardiac tissues; B: IHC analysis was performed to determine the expression of PKM2 in cardiac tissues. Scale bars: 50 μm. A6: quantitative analysis of HIF1α in cardinal tissue using IHC; B6: quantitative analysis of PKM2 in cardinal tissue using IHC; C: Western blot analysis of glycolytic proteins and their quantification.C1: representative Western Blot images; C2: HIF-1α; C3: p-PKM2; C4: PKM2; C5: GLUT1; C6: LDHA; C7: PPAR-γ. A1, B1: Control group; A2, B2: Model group; A3, B3: QYYY-L group; A4, B4: QYYY-H group; A5, B5: Sac/Val group. QYYY-L: the mice received QYYY at a dose of 2.6 g/kg once every day for 4 weeks; QYYY-H: the mice received QYYY at a dose of 5.2 g/kg once every day for 4 weeks; Sac/Val: the mice received sacubitril/ valsartan at a dose of 13 mg/kg once every day for 4 weeks. QYYY: Qianyang Yuyin granule; IHC: immunohistochemical staining; HIF-1α: hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha; PKM2: pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme M2; p-PKM2: phospho-PKM2; LDHA: lactate dehydrogenase A; GLUT1: glucose transporter type 1; PPAR-γ: peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors gamma. The data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3) and analyzed using one-way analysis of variance with Dunnett's post hoc test. aP < 0.05 vs control group; bP < 0.05 vs model group.
Figure 4 QYYY regulated the HIF-1α/PKM2 pathway in cardiac tissue A: IHC analysis was performed to determine the expression of HIF-1α in cardiac tissues; B: IHC analysis was performed to determine the expression of PKM2 in cardiac tissues. Scale bars: 50 μm. A6: quantitative analysis of HIF1α in cardinal tissue using IHC; B6: quantitative analysis of PKM2 in cardinal tissue using IHC; C: Western blot analysis of glycolytic proteins and their quantification.C1: representative Western Blot images; C2: HIF-1α; C3: p-PKM2; C4: PKM2; C5: GLUT1; C6: LDHA; C7: PPAR-γ. A1, B1: Control group; A2, B2: Model group; A3, B3: QYYY-L group; A4, B4: QYYY-H group; A5, B5: Sac/Val group. QYYY-L: the mice received QYYY at a dose of 2.6 g/kg once every day for 4 weeks; QYYY-H: the mice received QYYY at a dose of 5.2 g/kg once every day for 4 weeks; Sac/Val: the mice received sacubitril/ valsartan at a dose of 13 mg/kg once every day for 4 weeks. QYYY: Qianyang Yuyin granule; IHC: immunohistochemical staining; HIF-1α: hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha; PKM2: pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme M2; p-PKM2: phospho-PKM2; LDHA: lactate dehydrogenase A; GLUT1: glucose transporter type 1; PPAR-γ: peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors gamma. The data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3) and analyzed using one-way analysis of variance with Dunnett's post hoc test. aP < 0.05 vs control group; bP < 0.05 vs model group.
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