OBJECTIVE:To investigate the potential mechanism of the vascular remodeling effect and provide additional information about anti-hypertension activity of Fufang Qima capsule(复方芪麻胶囊,QM).METHODS:Spontaneous hypertensive rats(SHRs)were used to study the underlying mechanism of the anti-hypertension activity of QM. In this study,SHRs were randomly divided into 5 groups:model group, Telmisartan group(7.2 mg/kg, p.o.), and three QM groups(0.9298, 1.8596, and 3.7192 g/kg,p.o.). Wistar Kyoto rats(WKY) were used as normal control group. Blood pressure(BP), aorta, perivascular adipose tissue(PVAT) histology were investigated to evaluate the effect of QM. Nitric oxide(NO)and endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS) phosphorylation were measured. Adiponectin(APN) secretion, as well as APN signal pathway proteins including APN, adiponectin receptors(R1 and R2)and adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK) were all analyzed.RESULTS:QM significantly reduced BP and ameliorated the vascular pathological change, i.e. intima media thicken and collagen fiber hyperplasia.Meanwhile, QM increased concentration of NO and the phosphorylation of eNOS in the aorta. The anti-hypertensive and endothelia-protective effect of QM could be attributed to activating APN/AMPK pathway by up-regulating the expression of APN in PVAT and APN Receptor 2, AMPKα and phosphorylated AMPKα in the aorta.CONCLUSION:The QM alleviation effect mechanism for primary hypertension was via modulating the APN/AMPK signal pathway.