OBJECTIVE: To investigate effect of electroacupuncture(EA) with Bushen Jiannao on learning and memory ability in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8(SAMP8) mice and the related mechanisms.METHODS: 8-month-old senescence-accelerated-resistant(SAMR1) and SAMP8 mice were treated with EA at Baihui(GV 20), Shenshu(BL 23), and Taixi(KI 3) acupoint once a week for 8 weeks. The Morris water maze, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,immunohistochemistry, and Western blot were used to assess Alzheimer's disease(AD)-associated cognitive and neuroinflammatory phenotypes.RESULTS: Our data showed that EA treatment decreased activation of microglia and astrocytes, decreased levels of inflammatory factors including tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin(IL)-6,and IL-17, and improved spatial memory deficits in SAMP8 mice. EA therapy with Bushen Jiannao exhibited anti-inflammatory properties and improved cognitive function.CONCLUSION: The present study indicates that EA treatment based on the interaction between kidney and brain can improve learning and memory ability by inhibiting activation of astrocytes and microglia and decreasing expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and IL-17. EA treatment based on the interaction between kidney and brain may be an effective treatment for AD.